---- Congratulations to Apolo Anton Ohno---

Thank you  to all the U.S. Athletics---A very exciting Winter Olympics!!

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kit Menkin’s Leasing News  www.leasingnews.org Friday, February 22,2002 

Headlines----

 

CIT Turns Off Brokers/Issue New Funding Press Release

 1st International Bank Now UPS Capital Leasing/No Broker Biz

  Fourth Quarter Equipment Leasing and Financing Up says ELA

      Classified Ads---Latest Up-date (We find people jobs)

         Commercial Finance Association

           Original Members of LeaseTek form IT Group

             Recession May Be Over---reports Associated Press

              e-Commerce Hits Best 4th Quarter, 2001

                 Valley Vacancies---San Francisco Chronicle

 

     Enron Accounting vs. Leasing Accounting—ELA on the Ball

        (We in the leasing business need to do more to

           support the Equipment Leasing Association)

 

### Denotes Press Release

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 Special Announcement

EXCLUSIVE---Starting Monday---Three Part Series---

   “ Whatever Happened to... Republic Leasing of Anaheim?”

      A letter written June,2000 from Mark McQuitty, one of the founders,  tells what happened to his company, to First Sierra, predicting Dot.com demise, and asks the man who was sent to fire him as branch manager be named CEO of the company.

      Part 1—“Cause for Concern”

                    Part II--- “E-Commerce Follies”: **Technology vs. the   Salesman”

                             Part III ---  “MR DEPPING”

             ( headlines from the major parts of McQuitty’s letter )

 

    This extraordinary document, abridged, in three parts, Monday,Tuesday,Wedensday

           will be followed on Thursday Noon

                   in a live session: “Meet the Leasing News Maker---Mark McQuitty “

 

 Readers will have the chance to ask question and communicate with the News Maker

 

********* ************************ ****************************

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

CIT Turns Off Brokers While Issuing Increased Funding Capability Press Release

This was Leasing News first tip:         

“I was just called and told  effective today, CIT no longer doing any third party deals.  Will re-enter    this market when their commercial paper costs are lowered.”

No CIT official would confirm or deny this, but this is what we did find out:

From an extremely reliable source,

“...it is my understanding that CIT has temporarily restricted its broker desk activities due to the decision by Tyco to sell or spin us off..”

From an well-informed source:

            “Not exactly sure what you are hearing, but here is what I think our current posture is CIT is focused on protecting and preserving its various customer, vendor and other relationships

            Probably not a time when CIT wants to be juicing volume for volume's sake

            There is no liquidity issue for many months in future, but still don't want to generate large amounts non-strategic business

            Funny, this will be my 7th owner...

                        AT&T 100% sub

                        AT&T Capital, public Co

                        Nomura

                        Newcourt

                        CIT

                        Tyco

                        Who knows?”

--- 

  A highly reliable source:

“The un-official word is (there will not be anything in writing), they are only taking "existing vendor/ lessee business" right now whether it comes from the vendor/ the lessee / or the broker.

This is un-officially a temporary situation until the TYCO/CIT corporate positioning is settled down.”

 

  A very reliable source,

 “I spoke to somebody from CIT at the ELA meeting and they told me it was coming down the pipe. It is true.”

-- 

  An informed source,

 “ Yes, they are telling brokers that today.  We are telling brokers that today. No, don’t know anything about the efforts to buy existing lease portfolio’s”

Some “outside” reaction:

“Given the stories about them have to take down lines of credit they are probably taking steps that would allow them to fund their existing customers which are undoubtedly the lowest cost customers.  I think they are just trying to hold it together at this point and I think their troubles are just beginning.”

“I spoke to a CIT credit guy and a salesman this morning and he was told they are no longer accepting third party applications, but they said something good was going to happen in 12 days so stay in touch. CIT can't decide what it wants to be when it grows up.”

 

Do not know if this applies to cars and trucks that they finance, and it appears to be more an “understanding” than a direct order.

Perhaps the person who saw the writing on the wall was CIT Equipment Financing Group CEO Robert J. Merritt, who retired after

28 years of service last fall. He was Chairman-elect of the Equipment Leasing Association (ELA) and was slated to become Chairman of ELA in October 2001

He obviously saw something in the wind, as he changed his plans and

got out early; a very smart man indeed..

About the secrecy with the public, what makes it stranger indeed, perhaps even  more newsworthy, or ironical, is CIT sent out the following press release to all the media at the same time it was calling brokers not to send them any more business to fund.

 

#### ############################## ################

CIT Increases Funding Capability, Accounts Receivable Conduit Facility Completed

LIVINGSTON, N.J-- CIT Group Inc.announced today it has completed a liquidity enhancement initiative, previously communicated by the company, to strengthen CIT's financial position and diversify its funding sources.

 

    A $1.2 billion conduit financing backed by accounts receivable, arranged
by JPMorgan Chase Bank, Citibank, N.A. and Credit Suisse First Boston,
New York Branch is now in place. The proceeds from the transaction will be
used to repay the company's term debt at its maturity. The company is
currently completing a home equity loan securitization vehicle that is
expected to be finalized in the next several weeks.

 

    "This funding vehicle further strengthens our financial position and
increases CIT's flexibility and liquidity," said Albert R. Gamper, Jr.,
President and CEO of CIT. "The completion of this important initiative
underscores our commitment to the investor community as well as our ability to
execute on our previously announced liquidity plans."

 

 

    About CIT


    The CIT family of companies are subsidiaries of Tyco International Ltd.
(NYSE: TYC, LSE: TYI, BSX: TYC). CIT is a leading, global source of financing
and leasing capital and an advisor for companies in more than 30 industries.
Managing $50 billion in assets across a diversified portfolio, CIT is the
trusted financial engine empowering many of today's industry leaders and
emerging businesses, offering vendor, equipment, commercial, factoring,
consumer and structured financing capabilities. Founded in 1908, CIT operates
extensively in the United States and Canada with strategic locations in
Europe, Latin and South America, and the Pacific Rim.

 

#### ########################### ##################

1st International Bank Now UPS Capital Leasing/No Broker Biz

Kit, they are now called UPS Capital Leasing.    They are now out of the broker business.     The person I spoke with said he was being assigned a territory, and his mandate is to sell equipment leasing to existing UPS customers.      He said that his boss, Dennis Cesen, is being given the responsibility of getting other producers at the old First International Bank, who were previously selling SBA loans, etc., to start offering leasing as well.     

It did not sound as if they were laying anyone off, at the old 1st International Bank.   It is more about reassigning people and making sure that they are getting out in front of customers.     The person I spoke with said he was expected to be on the road at least 3 days/week.     He said he was very happy with his new assignment.

There was also an article in yesterday's (Wed., Feb. 20th) Wall St. Journal, in the 2nd Section of the paper, that said essentially the same thing,

that their sales force was going to start doing a lot more cross-selling.      You might want to have a look at that article.     It's on the WSJ's web site - run a search under UPS.

 ( Name Withheld )

(Leasing News has been trying to reach Mr. Cesen at 888-625-8575., but do to the time difference, the office was closed. editor

______________________________________________________________

Performance Indicators Report Reveals Fourth Quarter Growth in the Equipment Leasing and Finance Industry

New Business Volume Increased 13 Percent from Fourth Quarter 2000 to Fourth Quarter 2001

 

ARLINGTON, Va.– The Equipment Leasing Association’s (ELA) fourth quarter 2001 Performance Indicators Report (PIR) reveals an increase in new business volume of almost 13 percent since the fourth quarter of 2000, far greater than the fourth quarter economic growth rate of 0.2 percent as reported by the Department of Commerce.

 

“The significant increase in new business volume and total net portfolio point to the long-term strength of the leasing and finance industry,” noted Ralph Petta, ELA’s vice president of industry services.

 

ELA’s quarterly PIR tracks the performance of prominent leasing organizations in six key areas: total net portfolio, total new business volume, average losses, credit approval ratio, total number of employees and delinquencies. ELA surveys approximately 20 major leasing companies on a quarterly basis, affording trend analysis across all the performance areas.

 

Fourth quarter PIR highlights include:

 

*Total net portfolio grew strong with a 19 percent increase since fourth quarter 2000

 

*Total number of employees increased less than 1 percent from fourth quarter 2000

 

*Credit approval ratios show a slight decrease of 3 percent since fourth quarter 2000

 

*Average losses have increased almost 70 percent since fourth quarter 2000

*Delinquencies show a slight decline in current receivables since fourth quarter 2000

 

The PIR study is conducted quarterly by ELA, which provides a variety of data, including customized market analyses, to ELA members and organizations. To receive more information on the PIR or a copy of the associated graphs and charts, please contact Kristina Boehk at 202-944-5181 or kboehk@hillandknowlton.com.

To access this and other industry information, visit the ELA website at www.elaonline.com or call ELA at (703) 516-8380.

 

Organized in 1961, the Equipment Leasing Association (ELA) is a non-profit association representing companies involved in the dynamic equipment leasing and finance industry. ELA's mission is to promote the leasing industry as a major source of funds for capital investment in the United States and abroad. ELA maintains an informational portal for financial decision-makers at www.leaseassistant.org. Headquartered in Arlington, Va.,

 

 ELA has more than 850 member companies and a staff of 27 professionals. Equipment leasing is estimated to be a $244 billion industry in 2002. Visit ELA online at http://www.elaonline.com. ###

 

Fourth Quarter 2001 Performance Indicator Report Participants

ADP Credit Corporation

Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

Computer Sales International, Inc.

Dana Credit Corporation

De Lage Landen Financial Services

Farm Credit Leasing Services Corporation

Fleet Capital Leasing

GE Capital – Capital Funding Inc.

GreatAmerica Leasing Corporation

John Deere Credit Corporation

Hitachi Credit America Corporation

Key Equipment Finance

LaSalle National Leasing Corporation

Pitney Bowes Credit Corporation

U.S. Bancorp Leasing & Financial

Verizon Credit, Inc.

Wells Fargo Equipment Finance


CONTACT:
Kristina Boehk
Hill & Knowlton
Phone Number: (202) 944-5181
E-mail: kboehk@hillandknowlton.com

 

#### ############################### ###################

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2002 Equipment Leasing Association National Funding Exhibition

April 22-24

 

In the current economy, you're more cautious, more sensitive to risk. You double-and triple-check every transaction, factoring the credit and quality of all parties. You say no a lot more often than you used to. But you're still in the business of investing, and you must put out money to make money. You still need new relationships and an effective way to develop  them-to see not only deals, but also the people behind them.

 Last year alone, 700 individuals-more than 500 of them from 250 different leasing companies attended the exhibition. The ELA National Funding Exhibition is a unique, efficient opportunity to explore new business possibilities.

Space is limited, so why wait? Sign up today!

http://elaonline.com/events/2002/fundingexhib/exhibitors/

Attendee registration information coming next week!!

2002 ELA National Funding Exhibition

April 22-24

Fairmont Hotel

Chicago, IL

_______________________________________________

Classified Ad Count

16 Jobs Wanted

Asset Management: Silicon Valley, CA
Experienced Asset Manager with SMT/PCB equipment focus. Managed/sold large ticket mid-term and EOL transactions with global contract manufacturer and OEM accounts. Email:boklund9@earthlink.net

Asset Management: Nashville, TN
Experienced Asset Manager with construction/telecom focus. Managed portfolio of repo & EOL transactions for large leasing companies. 10 years experience including sales & credit/collections focus. Email:jambam2000@home.com

Credit: Hayward, CA.
Versatile/ creative senior financial executive w/extensive experience in varied areas of the commercial lending environment. Strong written/ oral skills with a results-oriented team-player attitude. Email: daveschultz9@aol.com

Credit: Mill Valley, CA
Senior corporate officer with financial services credit background. M and A, fund raising and workout expertise. Email:nywb@aol.com

Finance: Atlanta, GA
Twenty five plus years experience in middle market lease/ asset based/cash flow transactions. Heavy banking and credit background, with particular expertise in structure and negotiation. Email:brown235@bellsouth.net

Funding: Northern, NJ
Coordinate all aspects of financing for leased equipment, prepare necessary documentation for discounting with banks. Handle renewals of and amendments to lease schedules. Email:istaub@unicapitalcorp.com

Legal: Chatsworth, CA
Managing attorney for general corporate and financial services law including: leasing, acquisitions, service agreements, commercial loans, securitizations, workouts and litigation. Email:SandiDQ@msn.com

Sales: Silicon Valley, CA
VP level Business Development and Sales Manager, well connected in Silicon Valley. Experienced in major vendor programs on a global basis.Email: Tadadzn@ix.netcom.com

Sales: Mission Viejo, CA
Account Sales Executive with 10 years of leasing experience looking for company to bring existing customer base.
Email:makelly21@hotmail.com

Sales: Phila, PA
Proven Aggressive Winner w/strong prospecting skills, vendor program exp. both captive/non- captive, territory mgmt on all levels, remote office for many years, very adaptable. Email:jppa100@cs.com

Sales: Louisville, KY
I have been in leasing/financing of construction, machine tool, and mfg equipment for 20+ years. Traveled KY, IN, OH and TN.
Email:kyle90@msn.com

Sales: Boston, MA
Boston, MA (big Patriots' fan) Senior Sales person, 15 years experience, strong vendor program background, middle market concentration Email:smillard27@juno.com

Sales Manager: Atlanta, GA
15 years experience in Small Ticket Vendor Leasing. Managed sales team for eight years in Copiers, Telecom, IT, Construction, Auto Aftermarket, etc. Email:jim_acee@hotmail.com

Sales Manager: Hartford, CT
Director of Equipment Lease Division with credit/collateral evaluation, marketing & operations experience. Simultaneously coordinated efforts to develop new vendor business. Email:pkumiega@peoplepc.com

Senior Management: Hicksville, NY
Senior equipment leasing and banking executive with credit, collections, marketing and operations experience. Background includes development of new business, risk management and budgeting. Email:FrdA4@aol.com

Syndicator: Wilmington, NC
Ten years experience/contacts placing debt & equity for middle market end-users for transactions $75K - $10MM. Can relocate or telecommute. Email:ccrllc@yahoo.com

 

23 ads Help Wanted

http://65.209.205.32/LeasingNews/JobPostingsWanted.htm

9 Outsourcing

http://65.209.205.32/LeasingNews/JobPostingsOutsourcing.htm

3  Attorneys

http://65.209.205.32/LeasingNews/JobPostingsAttorney.htm

6 recruiters

http://65.209.205.32/LeasingNews/Recruiters.htm

 

other sites to post:

http://65.209.205.32/LeasingNews/Classified.htm

List of Leasing Portals

http://www.leasingnews.org/associations2.htm

 

Commercial Finance Association
www.cfa.com
225 West 34th Street
Suite 1815
New York, NY 10122
United States

Phone: 212-594-3490
Fax: 212-564-6053
E-mail: postmaster@cfa.com

Founded in 1944, the Commercial Finance Association is the trade group of the asset-based financial services industry, with members throughout the U.S., Canada and around the world. Members include the asset- based lending arms of domestic and foreign commercial banks, small and large independent finance companies, floor plan  financing organizations, factoring organizations and financing subsidiaries of major industrial corporations. CFA membership is by organization, not by individual. Many of the organizations are involved in leasing, either directly to end users, vendors, or providing funds for lessors.

 

  Leasing News has reported the troubles with CFS the last two years,

and it appears a new group has formed. We have not been able

to obtain information from CFS ( see story ). editor

 

###### ################################ #################

 

Experienced Leasing Software /IT Group re-Forms --:LeaseTek

(Irwin, PA )   Original team members of LeaseTek, a developer of lease administration and accounting software from 1983 to 1998, then acquired by CFS Group plc, have re-united to create XeC, an insourcing / IT company that places experienced leasing / IT people inside companies for specific problem-solving tasks

 

"The 15 years of experience of these people in the leasing software industry was too valuable to waste, " stated Michael Pochan, CEO of XeC and former CEO of LeaseTek." When you spend 15 years installing 451 systems in 22 countries and 5 languages for vehicles and equipment leasing, you learn a few things," he said with a smile.

 

The original members went their separate ways after the acquisition in 1998," but we all stayed in touch and kept thinking about leasing-related products, " offered John Voytko, president of XeC and former VP of Sales at LeaseTek.

 

The company also unveiled its slogan " Experience = Rapid Results".

 

The XeC   --   CAPABILITIES   -- for leasing & finance companies include:

Software and Web Development in C++ and in Java for High-Impact, Short-Cycle Projects. Latin American Sales Assistance.Rescue of Stalled Projects.New Market Analysis and Research,Design of eCommerce strategies

 

"It is amazing what a deeply experienced, successful team can accomplish in short time frames. It saves the customer significant money versus struggling to do it alone," added Pochan.

 

Also joining XeC from the successful LeaseTek team are Mark Wallace - Director, Jose Quintero - Latin American Sales, Pete Lehotay, - Software Design and Programming, John D Green - Dealer / Vendor Sales Support, and Bill Dunn - Customer Support.

 

"No XeC person has less than seven (7) years of experience," said Jose Quintero. "The team average is sixteen (16) years."

################### ###############################

\------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Please send to a colleague or let them know about next week, as you won’t

want to miss Mark McQuitty in the best “ I told you so” letter I have ever

seen. Kit Menkin

__________________________________________________________

Recession may be over, reports suggest; more vigorous recovery seen as possible

 

By Martin Crutsinger
ASSOCIATED PRESS

WASHINGTON – The recession is shaping up as one of the shortest and mildest on record. In fact, it may already be over, private economists said Thursday, based on various upbeat reports.

The Conference Board reported that its Index of Leading Economic Indicators, a key gauge of future activity, shot up 0.6 percent in January, its fourth consecutive monthly increase.

"The strong signal from the indicators is that the recession is ending and that the recovery could be more vigorous than earlier anticipated," said Ken Goldstein, a senior economist with the New York-based industry group that issues the index.

While the leading index was flashing signals of a rebound, another report Thursday showed that that last year's slowdown may not have been as severe as first believed.

The Commerce Department reported that the nation's trade deficit narrowed by 11.4 percent in December to $25.3 billion, its best showing since September.

This unexpectedly large improvement sent economists scurrying to upwardly revise their estimates for overall economic activity in the fourth quarter. Many said the gross domestic product may have risen by 1 percent in the October-December quarter, based on the stronger trade showing, instead of the originally reported 0.2 percent increase.

Kevin Hassett, an economist at the American Enterprise Institute, said the statistics will show that the recession actually ended in November.

The National Bureau of Economic Research, the official arbiter of when recessions begin and end, has said the downturn began in March, ending a record 10-year stretch of prosperity. The bureau is not expected to issue a ruling on the end of the downturn for several more months.

If current indications hold up and the third quarter, when the GDP fell at a 1.3 percent rate, is the only negative period, the drop in economic output during the recession will be a small 0.3 percent, making this the mildest recession in U.S. history. That record has been held by the 1969-70 recession, which also ended a long expansion, when GDP fell by 0.6 percent.

The National Association for Business Economics said Thursday that 60 percent of the economists on its forecasting panel believe the recession is already over. Only two of the 37 forecasters said they believe the downturn will linger into the spring.

"America's longest recession in history has been followed by one of the shortest, shallowest recessions on record," said NABE President Harvey Rosenblum, director of economic research at the Dallas Federal Reserve bank.

The NABE's newest forecast put economic growth at 1.5 percent for this year and an even stronger 3.8 percent in 2003.

President Bush's economic braintrust also expressed optimism about a rebounding economy during a roundtable discussion Thursday with reporters.

Chief White House economist Lawrence Lindsey said, "The first quarter is likely to be a fairly good one as these things go." And R. Glenn Hubbard, head of the president's Council of Economic Advisers, said a consensus private forecast of growth of around 1.5 percent in the current quarter appeared to be on target.

David Wyss, chief economist at Standard & Poor's in New York, said the worry now is not whether the recession is ending but how strong the recovery will be.

He said the early part of the recovery may be a jobless recovery like the early months of the last upturn when Bush's father was president.

"My worry is what are we going to do for an encore after the effects of the government's tax cuts and interest rate reductions wear off," Wyss said.

Wyss predicted that unemployment will rise to around 6.5 percent at midyear before starting to decline. But he said the improvement may stall around where the jobless rate is currently – at 5.6 percent.

The Labor Department reported Thursday that the number of Americans filing new claims for unemployment benefits rose to 383,000 last week. Although that was an increase of 10,000 from the previous week, analysts noted that new claims remained near a six-month low and the rash of layoffs that occurred after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks seems to have abated.

The trade report showed that the deficit for the entire year shrank to $346.3 billion, the first improvement in six years, reflecting the recession's impact on Americans' demand for foreign goods.

 

 

e-Commerce hits Big 4th Quarter, 2001

by  Michael Pastore, e-Commerce News

 

U.S. retail e-commerce sales for the fourth quarter of 2001 totaled $10.043 billion according to the Department of Commerce, up 13.1 percent from the fourth quarter of 2000. Total retail sales in the fourth quarter were estimated at $860.8 billion, a 5.3 percent increase from a year earlier.

Total e-commerce sales for 2001 were estimated at $32.6 billion, an increase of 19.3 percent from 2000. Total retail sales in 2001 increased 3.3 percent from 2000. For the year, e-commerce sales in 2001 accounted for 1.0 percent of total sales. E-commerce sales in 2000 accounted for 0.9 percent of total sales.

Not surprisingly, the Department of Commerce estimate for fourth quarter e-commerce increased 34.4 percent from the third quarter of 2001. Total retail sales were up 9.5 percent from the third quarter. E-commerce sales are also slowly increasing their share of the total retailing pie. In the fourth quarter of 2001, they accounted for 1.2 percent of total sales, up from 1.0 percent of total sales in the third quarter of 2001 and 1.1 percent in the fourth quarter of 2000.

The Department of Commerce numbers come close to estimates by comScore, which put U.S. e-commerce sales (excluding travel) at $10.8 billion for the fourth quarter of 2001 and $33.7 billion for the year.

E-commerce should continue to grow, especially during holiday seasons, as it becomes a viable channel for more consumers. According to the study "How America Shops 2002, The Overstuffed Consumer," by WSL Strategic Retail, 24 percent of shoppers surveyed used the Internet for shopping in 2001, up from 10 percent in 2000 and 5 percent in 1998. In fact, the Internet was the only retail channel in the study to report an increase in its weekly use, from 1 percent of respondents reporting weekly online shopping in 2000 to 5 percent in 2002.

WSL's report found that an almost equal percentage of consumers in the 18-to-34 age group (29 percent) shop online as in the 35-to-54 age group (27 percent). Higher-income shoppers are still more likely to use the Internet as a retail channel (41 percent with incomes over $70,000/year) than those with lower incomes (26 percent making $70,000 or less). Not surprisingly, convenience, which has long been cited as the biggest driver of e-commerce, continues to drive shoppers online. Almost 60 percent of respondents said convenience was why they chose the Internet as a retail channel. Less than one-quarter (23 percent) cited price.

"The proliferation of retail outlets over the past decade, the similarity of merchandise stocked, and the ease of accessing non-retail outlets, such as the Internet and catalogs, means that convenience is more top-of-mind for consumers, more essential in their busy lives, than ever before," said Wendy Liebmann, president of WSL Strategic Retail.

According to International Data Corp. (IDC), worldwide e-commerce spending grew 68 percent between 2000 and 2001, reaching more than $600 billion in 2001. IDC also expects e-commerce spending to pass the $1 trillion mark in 2002.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Announcement to its Members, the Equipment Leasing Association states

it is  Monitoring SEC and FASB Actions; Key Messages Forthcoming

ELA is closely monitoring recent actions and statements by the SEC and FASB in reference to off-balance sheet accounting and use of SPEs. We are in the process of putting together talking points and updating position papers for you, as an ELA member, to use with these groups. ELA will have talking points for you to use in communicating with your investors and parent companies by the end of February.

ELA is also closely monitoring Congressional developments, as there are several legislative proposals that may have consequences for various equipment leasing and finance products. ELA’s Federal Tax Committee is presently analyzing these. ELA is scheduled to meet with FASB in early May and is preparing to address these issues.

 

------

 

Enron Accounting Vs. Lease Accounting: Apples to Oranges--an ELT Special

Enron’s use of off-balance sheet Special Purpose Entities should not reflect on lease accounting.

 

As the ugly story of Enron's bankruptcy unfolds, it is becoming clear that its implications reach far beyond the affected shareholders and employees. It is prompting calls for greater transparency in accounting, and reform of certain rules, and dragging lease accounting into the docket with it.

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Congress, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, (FASB), The Big 5 public accounting firms and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) have all been in the news talking about the problems with off-balance sheet accounting, often mentioning leasing as a culprit. Lease accounting is in danger, unfairly, of being "reformed" out of existence, because people don't understand the distinctions between it and the practices relevant to the Enron case. Even if lease accounting escapes that fate, the bad press leasing receives in being linked to the Enron story is certain to harm the industry.

 

Enron's bankruptcy was caused by some major business deals that suffered large losses—that in itself is not uncommon. But, because the losses were hidden from readers of the company's financial statements, many are calling off-balance sheet accounting rules into question. Therefore, it is appropriate to go over Enron's off-balance sheet accounting and explain why lease products cannot be thought of as anywhere near the same category. We must caveat that the following is based on what has been reported in newspapers and not based on legally proven facts or independent research.

 

Enron's SPEs


Enron used partnerships commonly referred to as Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) to keep assets and liabilities off-balance sheet. They used SPEs for many reasons, including the leasing of assets. In those cases, Enron was the lessee, leasing from an SPE. It should be understood, those SPEs participating in these leasing transactions are not the SPEs that are at the center of Enron's problems.
The problem SPEs were set up to book fictitious gains on the sale of assets, and to hide assets and liabilities in the hope that the assets would appreciate and the deals could be unwound. These plans never bore fruit.

 

These SPEs raise questions pertinent to many accounting issues, including consolidation accounting, accounting for sales of assets and disclosure of off-balance sheet obligations. The problem for the leasing industry is that operating leases are a major off-balance sheet product, and large ticket leases are often structured with a SPE as the lessor. As we'll see, this has little to do with Enron's practices.


What Enron Did:

 

--Most of Enron's problems came from partnerships (SPEs) that were owned by third parties that combined to invest three percent equity capital to the SPEs—the minimum threshold to allow an SPE to be considered a substantive entity under the consolidation accounting rules. In several cases the investors were employees. In others, the investors included other SPEs in which Enron had a major ownership interest. Enron did not disclose existence of the SPEs, nor did it consolidate them.


--Enron effectively repaid the SPE owners’ capital investment either through fees or agreeing to return the equity after a period of time. The result was no remaining at-risk equity invested in the SPEs. Enron did not consolidate the SPEs.


--Enron guaranteed the debt of these vehicles and contributed stock to keep the SPEs solvent. Enron did not disclose that the guarantees were unlimited.


--The SPEs borrowed money and bought assets. Some bought third party securities, but most bought Enron assets—at above market price. Enron then recorded the sales with large gains.


--As the assets declined in value, Enron had to contribute more stock. As Enron's stock price dropped, the company had to contribute even more stock, creating an increasingly rapid downward spiral. The losses, coupled with Enron’s lack of adequate capitalization, led to the bankruptcy.

To further accentuate the difference between Enron's SPEs and common leasing practice, let's put them head to head.

Enron      Vs. Lease Products
     
--Enron--should have consolidated the SPEs or, at least, should have booked the losses     


--Leasing--structures are tested every day as lessors work with clients and their auditors

 

--Enron--should have reported the amount and terms of the off-balance sheet obligations     


--Leasing--structures qualify as operating leases under US GAAP (FAS 13), thus receiving off-balance sheet treatment, but requiring lessees to disclose future minimum lease rents, and lease terms, including any residual guarantees

 

--Enron--the asset sales were not at arm’s length, so no true third party would have ever entered the transactions


--Leasing--structures are arm's length structures

 

--Enron--there was no third party equity capital at risk


--Leasing--when leasing companies use SPEs they are adequately capitalized with true third party investors to comply with the EITF rules for at-risk equity

 

--Enron--guaranteed the debt of the SPEs, covered all losses of the SPEs and assumed unlimited liabilities      --Leasing--lessees' liabilities are limited to the terms of the lease
     
Lease Transparency


One of the reasons leasing companies find themselves in this position of having to defend their practices is that lease contracts are complex. They are often structured with residual risk assumed by the lessor, and that means the lessee can return the equipment at expiry. Should the lessee record the lease as an asset and liability? If an asset and liability should be recorded, how do you deal with the obligation to return the asset and the need to replace it to continue to produce revenue as an ongoing concern?

 

The current U.S. lease accounting rule, FSB Statement 13, uses the risks and rewards approach to determine whether a lease should be capitalized. It provides four basic criteria for that determination:

--The lease transfers ownership of the property to the lessee by the end of the lease term.


--The lease contains an option to purchase the leased property at a bargain price.
--The lease term is equal to or greater than 75 percent of the estimated economic life of the leased property.


--The present value of rental and other minimum lease payments equals or exceeds 90 percent of the fair value of the leased property.

 

If a transaction passes any one of these tests, the lessee is considered the owner and capitalizes the lease by recording an asset and a liability equal to the present value of the future minimum lease payments. This is equivalent to having borrowed money to buy the equipment. If none of the criteria are met, the lessee is not considered the owner of the asset and the lease is treated as an operating lease. Thus the asset and lease obligation are off-balance sheet.

 

That is not to say that the lease obligation is hidden from the readers of lessees’ financial statements. Minimum lease payments payable in the future must be disclosed in a table in the footnotes to the lessees’ financial statements. In addition, the lessee must disclose lease terms, including any residual guarantees. The footnotes, an integral of the financial statements, give readers information as to the future obligations under any off-balance sheet leases. The readers can then effectively calculate the capitalization of the lease obligations in order to assess whether a company is an acceptable credit or investment opportunity.     

 

If Enron’s use of SPEs were solely to lease assets, and if Enron followed the disclosure requirements of FAS 13, its lenders and investors would have received a complete disclosure of all of its future lease obligations. If Enron followed the existing accounting rules regarding its non-lease SPEs, its true financial picture would have been obvious and its sources of capital would quickly have dried up. Off-balance sheet accounting did not kill Enron—bad business deals did it in.

 

 

 

Valley Vacancies

Built for the boom, many technology office parks stand empty now that firms are cutting back---For Rent signs everywhere

 

by Dan Levy, San Francisco Chronicle

 

 

The giant office park rises from the Redwood City salt ponds like a futuristic pod of glass and steel architecture.

 

But there is hardly anyone inside the Pacific Shores Center.

Six of the 10 buildings in the 1.6 million-square-foot development are empty. The sparkling gym in the middle of the complex is empty. The lawns that were supposed to be filled with frolicking new-economy workers are empty.

 

Pacific Shores represents a disturbing reality in Silicon Valley, where a record 45 million square feet of office and research and development space sits empty, suppressing rents and pushing the overall vacancy rate to about 20 percent, according to broker Phil Mahoney of real estate services firm Cornish & Carey Commercial in Santa Clara.

 

The roster of companies that overbuilt or overleased during the boom and are now are trying to unload space reads like a who's who of tech. Cisco, 3Com,

 

Nortel and Sun Microsystems are among those offering between 400,000 and 900, 000 square feet.

 

"It's like a mortuary," Michael Covarrubias, president of the Martin Group, a San Francisco developer, said of the lack of demand. There is no leasing activity and little demand, he said.

"Pacific Shores is the poster child for the tumult of our era," said Mark Ritchie, president of Ritchie Commercial Real Estate brokerage in San Jose. "It shows the spectacular effect of the Silicon Valley boom -- and now, lots of vacancy."

 

As the Bay Area enters the second year of a historic commercial real estate slump, many observers are beginning to wonder just how long Pacific Shores -- and other big office and research and development projects built to accommodate the tech boom -- can survive a virtually nonexistent demand for space.

Covarrubias said there are positive signs, such as a slowing rate of negative absorption, the real estate term for returning unused space to market.

 

The rate of negative absorption in the fourth quarter last year was 6.7 million square feet, down from 9 million square feet in the third quarter.

 

Still, a record amount of space was returned to market last year.

The Martin Group would know. In September, the developer took back 320,000 square feet in a Santa Clara office park from failed Internet services company Exodus Communications, which filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection.

 

The firm is trying to market the space.

 

Some of the valley's biggest firms, such as Cisco, Sun and Nortel, are also looking for sublease tenants. But they are expected to weather the slump because they have so much cash on hand and actually own their buildings.

 

A Cisco spokeswoman, repeating a familiar mantra, said the networking giant -- having severely curtailed its expansion plans in Coyote Valley and elsewhere in the South Bay -- is constantly evaluating its real estate needs.

 

But developers such as Jay Paul Co., which built Pacific Shores, and the Sobrato Development Cos., a longtime Cupertino developer that owns numerous valley properties, are using letters of credit and other collateral from defunct tenants to cover costs.

"People say it's a disaster, but it's really not," said Matt Latucci, senior vice president for Jay Paul Co., referring to the vast swaths of unoccupied space at Pacific Shores. "We can afford to operate with a low occupancy and still make it profitable."

 

Latucci said security deposits and a $10 mil